Payment instruments and methods
Every payment program ultimately rests on the instrument — the rail and form factor through which value moves. We work across the full set, from mature card products to recently launched account-to-account schemes.
Card-based payments
- EMV chip, contactless (NFC), HCE and Cloud-based payments, QR-initiated card flows.
- E-commerce stack: EMV 3-D Secure 2.x, Secure Remote Commerce (Click to Pay), Tap-on-Mobile.
- Merchant-initiated transactions (MIT), network tokenization, Card-on-File programs.
- Recurring and subscription billing patterns, including the SCA exemption interplay and account-updater dependencies.
Account-to-account and instant payments
- Open Banking initiated payments, Instant Payments, Mobile Payments, EMV in transit.
- Domestic real-time rails — SEPA Instant, FedNow, RTP, UPI, PIX, PayNow, NPP / PayTo, FPS — and their interoperability gaps for cross-border use.
Wallets and OEM-driven payments
- Digital wallets, Vendor / OEM Pay (Apple Pay, Google Pay, Samsung Pay), mobile wallets, Tap-on-Mobile / Tap-to-Everything.
- Super-app wallets (Alipay, WeChat Pay, GrabPay etc.) and their merchant integration models.
Alternative and emerging methods
- BNPL and deferred / installment products.
- Central Bank Digital Currencies (token-based, account-based, hybrid).
- Blockchain, DLT and non-DLT infrastructures, smart contracts.
- Embedded finance and Banking-as-a-Service: licence stacking, sponsor-bank models, BIN-sponsorship economics.
- Stablecoins as settlement rails and the regulatory perimeter around them.
- Cross-border remittance: SWIFT and ISO 20022 migration.